Identify the five stages of the criminal justice process; describe the key processes that occur at each stage; and identify the discretionary decisions made by justice professionals at each stage of the process.
Describe the wedding cake model of the criminal justice system and contrast with the justice funnel model.
Contrast the assembly line model of justice and compare it to the obstacle course model of justice; identify the values that are associated with each of these models.
Explain why discretion is central to the justice process and dilemmas are posed by criminal justice discretion.
Demonstrate the impact of politics on policies of crime control and explain the concept of “expressive justice.”
