« Back to student resources
Chapter 12 - Population, Urbanization, and Aging
Glossary
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
A
aging - Growth in the percentage of older people in a nation’s population coupled with the economic, job, health, and psychological issues experienced by many people as they get older.
B
birth rate - Number of live births per 1,000 persons in a population per year.
D
death (mortality) rate - Number of deaths per 1,000 persons in a population per year.
demographic transition - The shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates in a society.
F
fertility rate - (also called the total fertility rate or TFR) Average number of children per woman aged fifteen to forty-four.
H
hypersegregation - The very high concentration of people with particular characteristics, typically similar race or ethnicity identities and/or wealth levels, in geographical areas.
P
population growth - Increase in the population of a location, such as a nation, territory, or city, equal to births plus people moving in minus deaths and people moving out.
R
replacement-level fertility - The average number of children born to each woman aged fifteen to forty-four necessary to maintain a stable population size in a country, generally about 2.1 for technologically advanced societies.
S
suburban (urban) sprawl - Poorly planned suburban development characterized by elements such as the use of large quantities of land to house relatively small numbers of people, destruction of farmland or open green areas, displacement of wildlife, and lack of sidewalks, bike lanes, or proper design to facilitate pedestrian or bicycle travel.
suburbanization - The settlement of people in suburbs, the urban areas beyond the borders of a neighboring city.
U
urbanization - The movement of people from rural areas into urban areas.
youth bulge - An increase in the proportion of the population composed of children, teenagers, and young adults.
