D
discrimination - Treating people a certain way because they are members of a particular social category.
E
ethnicity - A social category of people who share the same cultural heritage, often involving a common language and a common religion.
G
genocide - The deliberate attempt to annihilate, in whole or in part, a racial, ethnic, national, or religious group.
H
hate crime - A criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, ethnicity, gender, or gender identity.
I
immigration - The movement of people into a country from another to take up residence.
institutional discrimination - The operation of institutions in a way that discriminates against a category of people.
institutional racism - Discrimination by institutions on the basis of race.
M
minorities - Categories of people who are subjected to disadvantages such as barriers to educational, employment, or political opportunities because of their physical or cultural characteristics, or other reasons such as sexual orientation.
multicultural pluralism - A social environment in which no group is socially disadvantaged and racial and ethnic groups maintain a high level of cultural distinctiveness.
N
nativist movement - A movement that aims to prevent people viewed as racially, culturally, or morally different, or otherwise threatening to the interests of residents, from entering a country.
P
prejudice - Prejudgment of people before getting to know them personally, often involving negative feelings, attitudes, and stereotypes directed toward every individual in an entire race, ethnic group, religion, social class, or other social group.
R
race - A socially constructed category of persons who share one or more physical traits such as skin color that affect access to political rights, economic opportunities, and other forms of resources and power.
racial and ethnic pluralism - A social environment in which all racial and ethnic categories have the same level of civil rights, economic opportunity, and respect, regardless of their level of assimilation to the dominant culture.
racism - The belief that people of one race are superior to people of another race or of all other races.
S
segregation - The separation of a race, ethnic group, class, religious group, or other group from the rest of society
slavery - A situation in which one person is owned by another and must do whatever the latter demands.
stereotype - A set of expectations for the behavior, moral character, capabilities, or limitations of a person based on their membership in a social category.
W
white privilege - Advantages that white persons enjoy, often without awareness, over nonwhite persons.
