Animal Rights Law - Jurisdiction-specific references
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Section Four - Jurisdiction-specific references

This section contains a collection of some key writings on animal rights law from different regions and countries. We have endeavoured to include sources from as broad a range of jurisdictions as possible and we welcome literature recommendations (including in other languages than English) to make this list even more diverse. If you have suggestions, please email them to Sean Butler or Raffael Fasel.


Institutions and organisations with helpful information about specific jurisdictions are indicated with the following symbol: ➢

1. Africa

Africa generally

  • Stephen Nkansah Morgan, ‘The Place of African Animal Ethics within the Welfarist and Rightist Debate: An Interrogation of Akan Ontological and Ethical Beliefs towards Animals and the Environment’ (Doctor of Philosophy in Ethics Studies, University of Kwazulu-Natal 2020), available at https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/17346
  • Filip Maj, ‘The Animal Other in Thaddeus Metz’s Modal Ubuntu Ethics’ in Elvis Imafidon (ed), Handbook of African philosophy of difference (Springer 2020), available at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14835-5_16

Egypt

  • Kristen A Stilt, ‘Constitutional Innovation and Animal Protection in Egypt’ (2018) 43 Law & Social Inquiry 1364, available at https://doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12312

Ethiopia

Kenya

Malawi

South Africa

➢ Animal Law Reform South Africa https://www.animallawreform.org/

  • Amy P Wilson, ‘Animal Law in South Africa: “Until the Lions Have Their Own Lawyers, the Law Will Continue to Protect the Hunter”’ (2019) 10 Derecho Animal. Forum of Animal Law Studies 35, available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=3542042

2. Asia

Asia generally

➢ Institute of Animal Law of Asia https://www.ialasia.org/

China

Hong Kong

India

  • Bhumika Sharma, Priyanka Sharma, and Priyanka Rajta, ‘Rights of Animals under Indian Legal System: A Judicial Perspection’ (2017) 4 International Journal of Trend in Research and Development 361, available at http://www.ijtrd.com/papers/IJTRD12160.pdf

Israel

  • Pablo Lerner, ‘מקניין לאישיות משפטית? שינויים במעמדם המשפטי של בעלי החיים [From Property to Legal Personality? Changes in the Legal Status of Animals]’ (2022) VIII Ma’asei Mishpat 53 [in Hebrew], available at https://law.tau.ac.il/Maasei_Mishpat_13

Japan

Kuwait

Kazakhstan

Russia

  • AN Kolupaeva and PV Abbasova, ‘Правосубъектность Животных: Сравнительно-Правовой Анализ Регулирования Российского и Американского Правопорядков [The Legal Personality of Animals: Сomparative Legal Analysis of the Russian and American Regulation of the Rule of Law]’ (2020) 1 Animal Law 57 [in Russian], available at https://pravo.hse.ru/mirror/pubs/share/416617869.pdf

Pakistan

Philippines

South Korea

3. Europe

Europe generally

Austria

Belgium

France

  • Marie Laffineur-Pauchet, ‘First Animal Code In France: A Response To A Dissonant Animal Law’ (2019) 10 dA.Derecho Animal (Forum of Animal Law Studies) 95, available at https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/da.359

Germany

  • Saskia Stucki, Grundrechte für Tiere: Eine Kritik des geltenden Tierschutzrechts und rechtstheoretische Grundlegung von Tierrechten im Rahmen einer Neupositionierung des Tieres als Rechtssubjekt [Fundamental Rights for Animals: A Critique of Current Animal Protection Law and Legal Theoretical Foundation of Animal Rights Based on a New Positioning of Animals as Legal Subjects] (Nomos 2016) [in German], available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv941v1z

Hungary

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

  • Frida Lundmark Hedman, Charlotte Berg, and Margareta Stéen, ‘Thirty Years of Changes and the Current State of Swedish Animal Welfare Legislation’ (2021) 11 animals 1, available at https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/10/2901

Switzerland

➢ Tier im Recht https://www.tierimrecht.org/en/

Ukraine

United Kingdom

➢ A-Law – UK Centre for Animal Law https://www.alaw.org.uk/

➢ The Animal Law Foundation https://animallawfoundation.org/

4. North America

United States

➢ Animal Legal Defense Fund https://aldf.org/

➢ Nonhuman Rights Project https://www.nonhumanrights.org/

  • Ashley Duncan Gibbons, ‘A Survey of Animal Law in the United States: An Overview of Laws That Should Protect Animals and the Barriers That Prevent Animals from Receiving Legal Protection’ (2013) 2 Global Journal of Animal Law 1, available at https://ojs.abo.fi/ojs/index.php/gjal/article/view/1297

Canada

Mexico

5. South America

South America generally

Argentina

  • María Carman and M Valeria Berros, ‘La amplificación de la existencia de los seres padecientes’ [The Enlargement of the Existence of the Suffering Beings] (2021) 12 Revistadireito e práxis [in Spanish], available at https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8966/2020/48456
  • María Carman and María Valeria Berros, ‘Ser o no ser un simio con derechos (To Be or Not to Be an Ape with Rights)’ (2018) 14 Revista direito GV [in Spanish], available at https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6172201842
  • Barbato Bevilaqua Ciméa, ‘Pessoas não humanas: Sandra, Cecília e a emergência de novas formas de existência jurídica’ [Non-Human Persons: Sandra, Cecilia, and the Emergence of New Forms of Legal Existence] (2019) 25 Mana [in Spanish], available at https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-49442019v25n1p038

Brazil

  • Heron José de Santana Gordilho and Tagore Trajano de Almeida Silva, ‘Animais em juízo: Direito, personalidade jurídica e capacidade processual’ [Animals in Court: Rights, Legal Personality and Standing] (2012) 17 Revista de Direito Ambiental 333 [in Portuguese], available at http://bdjur.stj.jus.br/dspace/handle/2011/79608
  • Xavier Fernando César Costa, ‘Animal Rights and Environmental Rights in Brazilian Supreme Court’ (2018) 2 Law Enforcement Review 1, 133, available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=3300998

Colombia

Ecuador

6. Oceania

New Zealand

  • Peter Sankoff, ‘Five Years of the “New” Animal Welfare Regime: Lessons Learned from New Zealand’s Decision to Modernize its Animal Welfare Legislation’ (2005) 11 Animal Law Review 7, available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=919620

Australia

➢ The Animal Law Institute https://www.ali.org.au/

➢ Voiceless – The Animal Protection Institute https://voiceless.org.au/

  • Katherine Elizabeth Russell, ‘Lawful Cruelty: Six Ways in Which Australian Animal Welfare Laws Permit Cruelty towards Nonhuman Animals’ (Doctor of Philosophy, University of Adelaide 2018), available at https://hdl.handle.net/2440/127174
  • Rochelle Morton and others, ‘Assessing the Uniformity in Australian Animal Protection Law: A Statutory Comparison’ (2021) 11 Animals 1, available at https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010035