Human development index (HDI), an index based on life expectancy, education and GDP (max. 1)
0.793
World rank in HDI
52
Key economic sectors (% of GDP in 2013)
Services (65.3); industry (28.6); agriculture (6.1)
Unemployment in January 2012
7.2%
Main religious denominations
Romanian Orthodox, 16,307,004 (about 81% of the population); Roman Catholic, 870,774; Protestant Reformed Church, 600,932;
Political system
Semi-presidential system The President is elected every five years, and a bicameral legislature (with a Chamber of Deputies and a Senate) every four. The President appoints the prime minister, and is empowered to veto legislation unless it is upheld by a two-thirds majority of both chambers.
Electoral system
Presidents are elected by direct vote. Both chambers are elected by a proportional mixed member system.
Current (March 2017) leaders
President: Klaus Iohannis; b. 1959 (ind.; sworn in 21 Dec. 2014). Prime Minister: Sorin Grindeanu; b. 1973 (SDP; sworn in 4 Jan. 2017).
Commissioner from country in Barroso II College of Commissioners, and portfolio
Dacian Ciolos (Agriculture and Rural Development)
Number of MEPs
32
Turnout in 2014 EP elections (%)
32.44 (27.7 in 2009)
Member of eurozone
No
Except where a specific reference is inserted, the sources for this profile are either Neill Nugent’s book itself, or Barry Turner (ed.), The Statesman’s Yearbook Online, Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan. If your library subscribes, you can gain access at http://www.statesmansyearbook.com
