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Based on the content of the chapter "School governance and control” here are 30 self-assessment questions (could be used as graded quiz).
1. Which 1647 Massachusetts law required towns of 50 or more families to hire a teacher, often considered foundational to American public education?
A. The Common School Act
B. The Old Deluder Satan Act
C. The Education Reform Act
D. The Literacy Mandate
2. What was Thomas Jefferson's proposed educational plan for Virginia?
A. It was successfully implemented and became a model for other states
B. It proposed that counties elect aldermen to oversee local schools, though the plan never materialized
C. It eliminated all state involvement in education
D. It required private schools to admit all students
3. When were the first school superintendents hired in the United States?
A. 1787 in Philadelphia and Boston
B. 1837 in Buffalo, New York and Louisville, Kentucky
C. 1887 in Chicago and New York City
D. 1907 in Los Angeles and San Francisco
4. Who among the following was most closely associated with pedagogical progressivism and believed schools should operate as learning communities with a democratic social spirit?
A. Frederick W. Taylor
B. John Dewey
C. Horace Mann
D. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
5. Administrative progressives in the early 20th century adopted which management approach to reform urban school systems?
A. Democratic participation model
B. Corporate/scientific management model
C. Community control model
D. Teacher-led governance model
6. What was the primary difference between pedagogical progressives and administrative progressives?
A. Pedagogical progressives focused on child-centered education and democracy; administrative progressives focused on efficiency and corporate models
B. Pedagogical progressives wanted more testing; administrative progressives wanted less
C. Pedagogical progressives supported private schools; administrative progressives supported public schools
D. There was no significant difference between them
7. Between 1920 and 1960, what happened to the number of school districts in the United States?
A. The number increased from 40,000 to 200,000
B. The number remained relatively stable
C. The number dramatically decreased from approximately 200,000 to fewer than 40,000 due to consolidation
D. The number doubled due to population growth
8. Which major piece of federal legislation was part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society and War on Poverty in 1965?
A. National Defense Education Act
B. Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
C. Smith-Hughes Act
D. G.I. Bill
9. According to the chapter, by the 1979-1980 school year, what significant shift occurred in school financing?
A. Federal funding exceeded state funding for the first time
B. State funding exceeded local funding for the first time
C. Local funding dropped to zero
D. All funding became equalized across levels
10. What was the impact of Progressive Era reforms on school boards in the early 20th century?
A. School boards increased in size to include more community representation
B. Ward-based boards were eliminated or reduced in favor of smaller, centralized at-large boards
C. School boards were completely abolished
D. School boards gained more independence from superintendents
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11. According to the U.S. Constitution, which level of government has primary responsibility for education?
A. The federal government
B. State governments (under the 10th Amendment)
C. Local governments
D. The Constitution explicitly assigns education to all levels equally
12. According to the chapter, what percentage of K-12 education funding comes from federal sources as of 2020-2021?
A. Approximately 11%
B. Approximately 25%
C. Approximately 44%
D. Approximately 50%
13. Which federal act, signed in 2015, attempted to move accountability from the federal government back to the states?
A. No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
B. Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
C. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
D. Race to the Top
14. Which type of school is publicly funded but operates independently from local school boards with more flexibility in exchange for accountability?
A. Magnet schools
B. Charter schools
C. Private schools
D. Parochial schools
15. According to the chapter, approximately what percentage of public school students were enrolled in charter schools in the 2021-2022 school year?
A. About 7%
B. About 15%
C. About 25%
D. About 35%
16. What is true about most local school boards in the United States?
A. They are all appointed by mayors
B. They are elected by state governors
C. The majority are elected by local citizens
D. They are selected by the U.S. Department of Education
17. What are voucher plans?
A. Programs that provide free meals to students
B. Government monies parents can use for private school tuition or other education costs
C. Scholarships for college-bound students only
D. Tax breaks for educational expenses
18. The principal serves in which two roles according to the chapter?
A. Teacher and counselor
B. Instructional leader and school administrator
C. Budget director and facilities manager
D. Curriculum developer and test coordinator
19. What is meant by "categorical grants" in federal education funding?
A. Federal funding for general education purposes with few restrictions
B. Federal funding for narrowly defined purposes and programs
C. State funding distributed to local districts
D. Private donations to public schools
20. What does the chapter describe as "consumerization of citizenship" in the context of education reform?
A. Providing free school supplies to all students
B. Increasing parent volunteer requirements
C. Redefining citizens as consumers in market-based education, with schools as producers and students/parents as customers
D. Teaching consumer education in schools
1. B - The Old Deluder Satan Act
2. B - It proposed that counties elect aldermen to oversee local schools, though the plan never materialized
3. B - 1837 in Buffalo, New York and Louisville, Kentucky
4. B - John Dewey
5. B - Corporate/scientific management model
6. A - Pedagogical progressives focused on child-centered education and democracy; administrative progressives focused on efficiency and corporate models
7. C - The number dramatically decreased from approximately 200,000 to fewer than 40,000 due to consolidation
8. B - Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
9. B - State funding exceeded local funding for the first time
10. B - Ward-based boards were eliminated or reduced in favor of smaller, centralized at-large boards
11. B - State governments (under the 10th Amendment)
12. A - Approximately 11%
13. B - Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
14. B - Charter schools
15. A - About 7%
16. C - The majority are elected by local citizens
17. B - Government monies parents can use for private school tuition or other education costs
18. B - Instructional leader and school administrator
19. B - Federal funding for narrowly defined purposes and programs
20. C - Redefining citizens as consumers in market-based education, with schools as producers and students/parents as customers
