Chapter 4: Self-assessment

Based on the content of the chapter "Race, Ethnicity, and Education," here are 30 self-assessment questions (could be used as graded quiz).

1. According to the American Psychological Association, race is best defined as:
A) A biological category based on genetic differences
B) A social construction based on perceived physical traits
C) A fixed classification determined at birth
D) A category that only applies to non-White populations

2. The concept of race as distinct human groups was primarily developed by:
A) Ancient Greek philosophers
B) European colonizers to justify subjugation
C) American scientists in the 20th century
D) African tribal leaders

3. The term "white privilege" refers to:
A) Conscious racist beliefs held by White people
B) Economic advantages only available to wealthy Whites
C) Benefits Whites receive from systemic advantages based on race
D) Legal protections provided exclusively to White Americans

4. Ethnicity is characterized primarily by:
A) Skin color and physical features
B) Shared culture, language, and common ancestry
C) Geographic location only
D) Political affiliation

5. The first recorded enslaved Africans arrived in English colonies in:
A) 1492
B) 1565
C) 1619
D) 1776

6. During slavery, most southern states:
A) Provided free education to enslaved people
B) Made it a crime to teach enslaved people to read and write
C) Required enslaved children to attend public schools
D) Encouraged literacy among enslaved populations

7. John Chavis was notable as:
A) The leader of a major slave revolt
B) An educated Black teacher who taught both White and Black students
C) The founder of the first Black college
D) A Supreme Court justice

8. The Freedmen's Bureau was established in:
A) 1776
B) 1848
C) 1865
D) 1896

9. The term "Jim Crow" refers to:
A) A specific individual who promoted segregation
B) Harsh laws and policies of white supremacy in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
C) A federal program to support Black education
D) A type of agricultural labor system

10. The Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) established:
A) The immediate end to all segregation
B) Equal funding for Black and White schools
C) The "separate but equal" doctrine
D) Voting rights for African Americans

11. Booker T. Washington believed that the most immediate goal for Black people should be:
A) Political power and voting rights
B) Economic self-sufficiency
C) Higher liberal education for all
D) Armed resistance to segregation

12. W.E.B. Du Bois advocated for:
A) Industrial education only
B) Higher liberal education for the "Talented Tenth"
C) Separation from White society
D) Vocational training exclusively

13. The concept of "double taxation" for Black schools refers to:
A) Schools being taxed twice by the federal government
B) Black citizens paying taxes but receiving less funding, then having to contribute privately
C) Teachers paying both state and federal taxes
D) Students being charged tuition in addition to tax support

14. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) ruled that:
A) Segregation was constitutional if facilities were equal
B) Only northern states must desegregate
C) "Separate but equal" has no place in public education
D) Desegregation must occur within one year

15. The implementation ruling known as "Brown II" stated that desegregation must occur with:
A) Immediate effect
B) "All deliberate speed"
C) Federal military enforcement
D) Voluntary compliance only

16. Ten years after Brown, what percentage of Black students in the South attended majority White schools?
A) 2%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%

17. Sequoyah is remembered for:
A) Leading a major military resistance
B) Developing a writing system for the Cherokee language
C) Founding the first tribal college
D) Negotiating the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

18. The Carlisle Indian School's purpose was to:
A) Preserve Native American languages and cultures
B) "Educate the Indian out of them" through forced assimilation
C) Provide bilingual education
D) Train Native American teachers

19. The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975:
A) Ended all federal involvement in Native education
B) Allowed tribal governments to run their own schools
C) Closed all reservation schools
D) Required English-only instruction

20. According to 2020 Census data, the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the U.S. is:
A) African American
B) Asian American
C) Hispanic/Latino
D) Native American

21. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848):
A) Ended the American Revolution
B) Ceded Mexican territory to the United States after the Mexican-American War
C) Granted citizenship to all Native Americans
D) Established the Freedmen's Bureau

22. The "bracero program" (1940s-1964) involved:
A) School desegregation efforts
B) Recruiting Mexican agricultural workers as temporary labor
C) Building schools along the border
D) Providing citizenship to all Mexican immigrants

23. Mendez v. Westminster School District (1946) challenged:
A) Language barriers in schools
B) School segregation of Mexican American students in California
C) Funding disparities in Texas
D) Teacher certification requirements

24. The 1968 East Los Angeles student walkouts protested:
A) Overcrowded schools with underqualified teachers
B) Too much homework
C) School uniforms
D) Extended school days

25. The "model minority myth" regarding Asian Americans:
A) Takes into account the diverse Asian nations from which people immigrated to the United States
B) Accurately represents all Asian American groups
C) Is a harmful stereotype that ignores diversity and discrimination
D) Only applies to recent immigrants

26. Korematsu v. U.S. dealt with:
A) School desegregation
B) Japanese American internment during WWII
C) Voting rights
D) Immigration quotas

27. Critical Race Theory (CRT) originated in:
A) Education research
B) Critical legal studies
C) Medical research
D) Political science

28. "Resegregation" refers to:
A) The initial segregation of schools
B) Formerly desegregated schools becoming predominantly minority again
C) Legal segregation in the South
D) Voluntary separation by communities

29. Culturally relevant pedagogy, developed by Gloria Ladson-Billings, emphasizes:
A) Only academic achievement
B) Assimilation to mainstream culture
C) Academic achievement, cultural competence, and sociopolitical consciousness
D) Strict discipline policies

30. Which of the following ranges represents the national on-time graduation rate for all ethnic-racial groups in 2019-2020?
A) 60–75%
B) 70–85%
C) 80–95%
D) 95–100%